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  • 1.  Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

    Posted 03-09-2010 07:15

    Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming.  That is one of the things I learned from reading the popular (among New York Times readers) op ed piece by Al Gore available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/opinion/28gore.html

     

    "I, for one, genuinely wish that the climate crisis were an illusion."

     

    "we are continuing to dump 90 million tons of global-warming pollution every 24 hours into the atmosphere"

     

    "Some news media organizations now present showmen masquerading as political thinkers who package hatred and divisiveness as entertainment."

     

    "We have overcome existential threats before. Winston Churchill is widely quoted as having said, "Sometimes doing your best is not good enough. Sometimes, you must do what is required." Now is that time. Public officials must rise to this challenge by doing what is required; and the public must demand that they do so - or must replace them."

     

    Best regards,

    Charles Wankel

    St. John's University, New York

    ONE-L list bolsterer



  • 2.  Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

    Posted 03-09-2010 07:59
    Al Gore has become his own worst enemy. He writes a very reasoned piece at every step of the way and then shoots himself--and scientists trying to stem the tide of global climate reactionaries--by making the utterly stupid statement linking Northeast snow storms to changing climate. The facts are clear:

    (1) we are in a long term trend secular trend towards a warming climate which will have severe repurcussions over the long term

    (2) we are in a short term cyclical trend towards climate moderation and even slight cooling---this is a variation around the long term secular trend

    (3) recent "events" such as the winter storms and Katrina --both of which occurred during the cyclical cooling--cannot be linked to global warming, as Gore has tried to do in both examples.

    Climate change scientists have made this point time and again. Weather 'events' are incredibly complicated with innumerable factors affecting it. Minute trends in weather---the current cooling trend or the long term warming trend--may or may not have contributed a lot or a little.

    Every time Gore puts his foot in his mouth and makes these silly, scientifically ignorant statements he undermines the careful work of climate science and fuels the loonies on the far right. It's sad. He's becoming science's worst enemy on this issue.

    -----Original Message-----
    From: Charles Wankel [mailto:wankelc@VERIZON.NET]
    Sent: Tuesday, March 9, 2010 07:15 AM
    To: ONE-L@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

    Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming. That is
    one of the things I learned from reading the popular (among New York Times
    readers) op ed piece by Al Gore available at:
    http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/opinion/28gore.html



    "I, for one, genuinely wish that the climate crisis were an illusion."



    "we are continuing to dump 90 million tons of global-warming pollution every
    24 hours into the atmosphere"



    "Some news media organizations now present showmen masquerading as political
    thinkers who package hatred and divisiveness as entertainment."



    "We have overcome existential threats before. Winston Churchill is widely
    quoted as having said, "Sometimes doing your best is not good enough.
    Sometimes, you must do what is required." Now is that time. Public officials
    must rise to this challenge by doing what is required; and the public must
    demand that they do so - or must replace them."



    Best regards,

    Charles Wankel

    St. John's University, New York

    ONE-L list bolsterer


  • 3.  Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

    Posted 03-09-2010 08:52
    Jon,

    I have to add my exuberant agreement to one part of your posting - specific climatic events cannot be linked to global climate change.  However, I doubt climate scientists would consider Mr. Gore one of their worst enemies.  Thank you for keeping this posting civil (and almost polite), what's happening to you in your old age:-)?  Thank you, Charles, for sharing the Gore piece...

    Cheers...

    Bruce

    On Tue, Mar 9, 2010 at 7:58 AM, Jon Entine <jon@jonentine.com> wrote:
    Al Gore has become his own worst enemy. He writes a very reasoned piece at every step of the way and then shoots himself--and scientists trying to stem the tide of global climate reactionaries--by making the utterly stupid statement linking Northeast snow storms to changing climate. The facts are clear:

    (1) we are in a long term trend secular trend towards a warming climate which will have severe repurcussions over the long term

    (2) we are in a short term cyclical trend towards climate moderation and even slight cooling---this is a variation around the long term secular trend

    (3) recent "events" such as the winter storms and Katrina --both of which occurred during the cyclical cooling--cannot be linked to global warming, as Gore has tried to do in both examples.

    Climate change scientists have made this point time and again. Weather 'events' are incredibly complicated with innumerable factors affecting it. Minute trends in weather---the current cooling trend or the long term warming trend--may or may not have contributed a lot or a little.

    Every time Gore puts his foot in his mouth and makes these silly, scientifically ignorant statements he undermines the careful work of climate science and fuels the loonies on the far right. It's sad. He's becoming science's worst enemy on this issue.

     -----Original Message-----
     From: Charles Wankel [mailto:wankelc@VERIZON.NET]
     Sent: Tuesday, March 9, 2010 07:15 AM
     To: ONE-L@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
     Subject: Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

     Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming.  That is
     one of the things I learned from reading the popular (among New York Times
     readers) op ed piece by Al Gore available at:
     http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/opinion/28gore.html



     "I, for one, genuinely wish that the climate crisis were an illusion."



     "we are continuing to dump 90 million tons of global-warming pollution every
     24 hours into the atmosphere"



     "Some news media organizations now present showmen masquerading as political
     thinkers who package hatred and divisiveness as entertainment."



     "We have overcome existential threats before. Winston Churchill is widely
     quoted as having said, "Sometimes doing your best is not good enough.
     Sometimes, you must do what is required." Now is that time. Public officials
     must rise to this challenge by doing what is required; and the public must
     demand that they do so - or must replace them."



     Best regards,

     Charles Wankel

     St. John's University, New York

     ONE-L list bolsterer








    --
    Bruce Clemens PhD PE
    Management Department
    School of Business
    109 Churchill Hall
    Western New England College
    1215 Wilbraham Road
    Springfield MA 01119
    Phone: 413-782-1500
    Fax: 413-796-2068
    bclemens@wnec.edu
    Campus mailbox number: C5433

    Please consider your environmental responsibilities before printing this e-mail


  • 4.  Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

    Posted 03-09-2010 09:21
    It is an interesting question -- does Gore serve the issue of climate change well or not.His documentary is more about himself than about climate change I feel and therefore given that there is much better material out there like the PBS special "What's Up with the Weather" I have decided not to play it in class. When Gore was v.p. he did very little to really advance environmental issues, in my opinion. Has anybody actually read his new book? How good is it? The reviews have been positive but I am skeptical.

    On Tue, Mar 9, 2010 at 7:51 AM, Bruce Clemens <bclemens@wnec.edu> wrote:
    Jon,

    I have to add my exuberant agreement to one part of your posting - specific climatic events cannot be linked to global climate change.  However, I doubt climate scientists would consider Mr. Gore one of their worst enemies.  Thank you for keeping this posting civil (and almost polite), what's happening to you in your old age:-)?  Thank you, Charles, for sharing the Gore piece...

    Cheers...

    Bruce


    On Tue, Mar 9, 2010 at 7:58 AM, Jon Entine <jon@jonentine.com> wrote:
    Al Gore has become his own worst enemy. He writes a very reasoned piece at every step of the way and then shoots himself--and scientists trying to stem the tide of global climate reactionaries--by making the utterly stupid statement linking Northeast snow storms to changing climate. The facts are clear:

    (1) we are in a long term trend secular trend towards a warming climate which will have severe repurcussions over the long term

    (2) we are in a short term cyclical trend towards climate moderation and even slight cooling---this is a variation around the long term secular trend

    (3) recent "events" such as the winter storms and Katrina --both of which occurred during the cyclical cooling--cannot be linked to global warming, as Gore has tried to do in both examples.

    Climate change scientists have made this point time and again. Weather 'events' are incredibly complicated with innumerable factors affecting it. Minute trends in weather---the current cooling trend or the long term warming trend--may or may not have contributed a lot or a little.

    Every time Gore puts his foot in his mouth and makes these silly, scientifically ignorant statements he undermines the careful work of climate science and fuels the loonies on the far right. It's sad. He's becoming science's worst enemy on this issue.

     -----Original Message-----
     From: Charles Wankel [mailto:wankelc@VERIZON.NET]
     Sent: Tuesday, March 9, 2010 07:15 AM
     To: ONE-L@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
     Subject: Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

     Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming.  That is
     one of the things I learned from reading the popular (among New York Times
     readers) op ed piece by Al Gore available at:
     http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/opinion/28gore.html



     "I, for one, genuinely wish that the climate crisis were an illusion."



     "we are continuing to dump 90 million tons of global-warming pollution every
     24 hours into the atmosphere"



     "Some news media organizations now present showmen masquerading as political
     thinkers who package hatred and divisiveness as entertainment."



     "We have overcome existential threats before. Winston Churchill is widely
     quoted as having said, "Sometimes doing your best is not good enough.
     Sometimes, you must do what is required." Now is that time. Public officials
     must rise to this challenge by doing what is required; and the public must
     demand that they do so - or must replace them."



     Best regards,

     Charles Wankel

     St. John's University, New York

     ONE-L list bolsterer








    --
    Bruce Clemens PhD PE
    Management Department
    School of Business
    109 Churchill Hall
    Western New England College
    1215 Wilbraham Road
    Springfield MA 01119
    Phone: 413-782-1500
    Fax: 413-796-2068
    bclemens@wnec.edu
    Campus mailbox number: C5433

    Please consider your environmental responsibilities before printing this e-mail



    --
    Alfred A. Marcus
    Professor and Spencer Chair in Strategy and Technological Leadership
    University of Minnesota
    Carlson School of Management
    Strategic Management and Organization Department
    Minneapolis, MN. 55455 USA
    612 624 2812
    amarcus@umn.edu



  • 5.  Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

    Posted 03-09-2010 09:22

    Jon

     

    I am not a weather scientist so my pondering research on that topic is fraught with caveats.  One thing I see is that weather is much more complex that rain or snow.  That is, the effects of global warming on things like wind might end up being terrible in some places.  Tiptoeing into the Web of Science database I found Allan and Soden (2008) (see the below abstract) and examining sources citing that article I found Liu, Fu, Shiu, Chen and Wu (2009) (see the below abstract).  I see them not necessarily supporting the Gore point but relevant to it perhaps.

     

    I endorse Bruce's point about selecting the more polite modifiers when describing things.

     

    Collegially,

    Charles

     

    ONE-L traffic cop

     

     

    There are studies that to a certain extent align with some of Gore's statements.  For example:

    Allan, Richard P., [ r.p.allan@reading.ac.uk ]& Soden, Brian J. Atmospheric warming and the amplification of precipitation extremes, Science, 321, 5895(September 12, 2008),  1481-1484.   

     Abstract: Climate models suggest that extreme precipitation events will become more common in an anthropogenically warmed climate. However, observational limitations have hindered a direct evaluation of model- projected changes in extreme precipitation. We used satellite observations and model simulations to examine the response of tropical precipitation events to naturally driven changes in surface temperature and atmospheric moisture content. These observations reveal a distinct link between rainfall extremes and temperature, with heavy rain events increasing during warm periods and decreasing during cold periods. Furthermore, the observed amplification of rainfall extremes is found to be larger than that predicted by models, implying that projections of future changes in rainfall extremes in response to anthropogenic global warming may be underestimated.

     

    Using citation searching I found another article (that cited Allan/Soden, 2008):

    Liu, S. C., C. [ shawliu@rcec.sinica.edu.tw ] Fu, C.-J. Shiu, J.-P. Chen, and F. Wu (2009), Temperature dependence of global precipitation extremes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L17702, doi:10.1029/2009GL040218.

    Abstract: Data from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) covering the period 1979-2007 are examined for changes of precipitation extremes as a function of global mean temperature by using a new method which focuses on interannual differences rather than time series. We find that the top 10% bin of precipitation intensity increases by about 95% for each degree Kelvin (K) increase in global mean temperature, while 30%-60% bins decrease by about 20% K-1. The global average precipitation intensity increases by about 23% K-1, substantially greater than the increase of about 7% K-1 in atmospheric water-holding capacity estimated by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The large increase of precipitation intensity is qualitatively consistent with the hypothesis that the precipitation intensity should increase by more than 7% K-1 because of the additional latent heat released from the increased moisture. Our results also provide an independent evidence in support for significant increases in the number and/or size of strong global tropical cyclones. However an ensemble of 17 latest generation climate models estimates an increase of only about 2% K-1 in precipitation intensity, about one order of magnitude smaller than our value, suggesting that the risk of extreme precipitation events due to global warming is substantially greater than that estimated by the climate models.

     

     

     

     

    On Tue, Mar 9, 2010 at 7:58 AM, Jon Entine <jon@jonentine.com> wrote:

    Al Gore has become his own worst enemy. He writes a very reasoned piece at every step of the way and then shoots himself--and scientists trying to stem the tide of global climate reactionaries--by making the utterly stupid statement linking Northeast snow storms to changing climate. The facts are clear:

    (1) we are in a long term trend secular trend towards a warming climate which will have severe repurcussions over the long term

    (2) we are in a short term cyclical trend towards climate moderation and even slight cooling---this is a variation around the long term secular trend

    (3) recent "events" such as the winter storms and Katrina --both of which occurred during the cyclical cooling--cannot be linked to global warming, as Gore has tried to do in both examples.

    Climate change scientists have made this point time and again. Weather 'events' are incredibly complicated with innumerable factors affecting it. Minute trends in weather---the current cooling trend or the long term warming trend--may or may not have contributed a lot or a little.

    Every time Gore puts his foot in his mouth and makes these silly, scientifically ignorant statements he undermines the careful work of climate science and fuels the loonies on the far right. It's sad. He's becoming science's worst enemy on this issue.


     -----Original Message-----
     From: Charles Wankel [mailto:wankelc@VERIZON.NET]
     Sent: Tuesday, March 9, 2010 07:15 AM
     To: ONE-L@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
     Subject: Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

     Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming.  That is
     one of the things I learned from reading the popular (among New York Times
     readers) op ed piece by Al Gore available at:
     http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/opinion/28gore.html



     "I, for one, genuinely wish that the climate crisis were an illusion."



     "we are continuing to dump 90 million tons of global-warming pollution every
     24 hours into the atmosphere"



     "Some news media organizations now present showmen masquerading as political
     thinkers who package hatred and divisiveness as entertainment."



     "We have overcome existential threats before. Winston Churchill is widely
     quoted as having said, "Sometimes doing your best is not good enough.
     Sometimes, you must do what is required." Now is that time. Public officials
     must rise to this challenge by doing what is required; and the public must
     demand that they do so - or must replace them."



     Best regards,

     Charles Wankel

     St. John's University, New York

     ONE-L list bolsterer







    --
    Bruce Clemens PhD PE
    Management Department
    School of Business
    109 Churchill Hall
    Western New England College
    1215 Wilbraham Road
    Springfield MA 01119
    Phone: 413-782-1500
    Fax: 413-796-2068
    bclemens@wnec.edu
    Campus mailbox number: C5433

    Please consider your environmental responsibilities before printing this e-mail



  • 6.  Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

    Posted 03-09-2010 09:22

    Dear folks -
    .
    I think it might be useful -- as Jon does to a very considerable extent -- to distinguish very clearly:
    .
    climate
    .
    from
    .
    weather.
    .
    Our colleague here at Fordham, Jan Dash, communicates this distinction very clearly in his work .. as do many others.....
    .
    climate change is about is about trends
    .
    and
    .
    weather is about (short-term) fluctuations.
    .
    Some of us find "climate change" to be a more useful term than "global warming" .... in part because of the weather/climate confusion that so easily arises and to which Jon points so passionately in his message below.
    .
    PS:  I think the conversation is also greatly enriched by the "peak oil" perspective offered by Rob Hopkins in The Transition Handbook:  From Oil dependency to local resilience (thank you to "RP" Raghupathi, Maggie Seeley, and Kat Steel for guiding me toward and into it).
    .
    Warm regards,
    .
    Jim Stoner
    .
    I am committed to Fordham University's becoming Carbon Neutral by 2020
    .
    Jim Stoner
    Professor of Management Systems and
    chairholder: James A.F. Stoner Chair for Global Sustainability
    Graduate School of Business - room 616A
    Fordham University
    113 W. 60th Street
    New York, NY 10023
    1-212-636-6178
    stoner@fordham.edu  







    Jon Entine <jon@JONENTINE.COM>
    Sent by: Organizations and the Natural Environment Discussion <ONE-L@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU>

    03/09/2010 07:58 AM

    Please respond to
    Organizations and the Natural Environment Discussion              <ONE-L@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU>
    To
    		ONE-L@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    cc
    Subject
    		Re: Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming





    Al Gore has become his own worst enemy. He writes a very reasoned piece at every step of the way and then shoots himself--and scientists trying to stem the tide of global climate reactionaries--by making the utterly stupid statement linking Northeast snow storms to changing climate. The facts are clear:

    (1) we are in a long term trend secular trend towards a warming climate which will have severe repurcussions over the long term

    (2) we are in a short term cyclical trend towards climate moderation and even slight cooling---this is a variation around the long term secular trend

    (3) recent "events" such as the winter storms and Katrina --both of which occurred during the cyclical cooling--cannot be linked to global warming, as Gore has tried to do in both examples.

    Climate change scientists have made this point time and again. Weather 'events' are incredibly complicated with innumerable factors affecting it. Minute trends in weather---the current cooling trend or the long term warming trend--may or may not have contributed a lot or a little.

    Every time Gore puts his foot in his mouth and makes these silly, scientifically ignorant statements he undermines the careful work of climate science and fuels the loonies on the far right. It's sad. He's becoming science's worst enemy on this issue.

    -----Original Message-----
    From: Charles Wankel [mailto:wankelc@VERIZON.NET]
    Sent: Tuesday, March 9, 2010 07:15 AM
    To: ONE-L@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

    Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming.  That is
    one of the things I learned from reading the popular (among New York Times
    readers) op ed piece by Al Gore available at:
    http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/opinion/28gore.html

     

    "I, for one, genuinely wish that the climate crisis were an illusion."

     

    "we are continuing to dump 90 million tons of global-warming pollution every
    24 hours into the atmosphere"

     

    "Some news media organizations now present showmen masquerading as political
    thinkers who package hatred and divisiveness as entertainment."

     

    "We have overcome existential threats before. Winston Churchill is widely
    quoted as having said, "Sometimes doing your best is not good enough.
    Sometimes, you must do what is required." Now is that time. Public officials
    must rise to this challenge by doing what is required; and the public must
    demand that they do so - or must replace them."

     

    Best regards,

    Charles Wankel

    St. John's University, New York

    ONE-L list bolsterer







  • 7.  Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming

    Posted 03-09-2010 17:05
    I saw Al Gore speaking about climate change in Melbourne. He was speaking to promote his investment fund. I suppose it is necessary to align and balance financial interests with sustainability; that is an idea behind triple bottom line. However, Gore personally benefits financially from promoting all this stuff. When Gore was VP he was not profiting from an investment fund that he created. Not that this is bad. I think it is good. However, it helps to explain why he says what he says.

    Lionel Boxer CD PhD MBA BTech(IndEng) - 0411267256
    Associate of RMIT University - lionel.boxer@rmit.edu.au
    Graduate School of Business
    my "Assessment of Quality Systems with Positioning Theory"
    now in a googe book - see link at http://intergon.net
    >>> Alfred Marcus <amarcus@UMN.EDU> 10/03/10 1:33 AM >>>
    It is an interesting question -- does Gore serve the issue of climate change
    well or not.His documentary is more about himself than about climate change
    I feel and therefore given that there is much better material out there like
    the PBS special "What's Up with the Weather" I have decided not to play it
    in class. When Gore was v.p. he did very little to really advance
    environmental issues, in my opinion. Has anybody actually read his new book?
    How good is it? The reviews have been positive but I am skeptical.

    On Tue, Mar 9, 2010 at 7:51 AM, Bruce Clemens <bclemens@wnec.edu> wrote:

    > Jon,
    >
    > I have to add my exuberant agreement to one part of your posting - specific
    > climatic events cannot be linked to global climate change. However, I doubt
    > climate scientists would consider Mr. Gore one of their worst enemies.
    > Thank you for keeping this posting civil (and almost polite), what's
    > happening to you in your old age:-)? Thank you, Charles, for sharing the
    > Gore piece...
    >
    > Cheers...
    >
    > Bruce
    >
    >
    > On Tue, Mar 9, 2010 at 7:58 AM, Jon Entine <jon@jonentine.com> wrote:
    >
    >> Al Gore has become his own worst enemy. He writes a very reasoned piece at
    >> every step of the way and then shoots himself--and scientists trying to stem
    >> the tide of global climate reactionaries--by making the utterly stupid
    >> statement linking Northeast snow storms to changing climate. The facts are
    >> clear:
    >>
    >> (1) we are in a long term trend secular trend towards a warming climate
    >> which will have severe repurcussions over the long term
    >>
    >> (2) we are in a short term cyclical trend towards climate moderation and
    >> even slight cooling---this is a variation around the long term secular trend
    >>
    >> (3) recent "events" such as the winter storms and Katrina --both of which
    >> occurred during the cyclical cooling--cannot be linked to global warming, as
    >> Gore has tried to do in both examples.
    >>
    >> Climate change scientists have made this point time and again. Weather
    >> 'events' are incredibly complicated with innumerable factors affecting it.
    >> Minute trends in weather---the current cooling trend or the long term
    >> warming trend--may or may not have contributed a lot or a little.
    >>
    >> Every time Gore puts his foot in his mouth and makes these silly,
    >> scientifically ignorant statements he undermines the careful work of climate
    >> science and fuels the loonies on the far right. It's sad. He's becoming
    >> science's worst enemy on this issue.
    >>
    >> -----Original Message-----
    >> From: Charles Wankel [mailto:wankelc@VERIZON.NET]
    >> Sent: Tuesday, March 9, 2010 07:15 AM
    >> To: ONE-L@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    >> Subject: Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global
    >> warming
    >>
    >> Increased snow in coastal areas like NE USA is from global warming. That
    >> is
    >> one of the things I learned from reading the popular (among New York
    >> Times
    >> readers) op ed piece by Al Gore available at:
    >> http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/opinion/28gore.html
    >>
    >>
    >>
    >> "I, for one, genuinely wish that the climate crisis were an illusion."
    >>
    >>
    >>
    >> "we are continuing to dump 90 million tons of global-warming pollution
    >> every
    >> 24 hours into the atmosphere"
    >>
    >>
    >>
    >> "Some news media organizations now present showmen masquerading as
    >> political
    >> thinkers who package hatred and divisiveness as entertainment."
    >>
    >>
    >>
    >> "We have overcome existential threats before. Winston Churchill is widely
    >> quoted as having said, "Sometimes doing your best is not good enough.
    >> Sometimes, you must do what is required." Now is that time. Public
    >> officials
    >> must rise to this challenge by doing what is required; and the public
    >> must
    >> demand that they do so - or must replace them."
    >>
    >>
    >>
    >> Best regards,
    >>
    >> Charles Wankel
    >>
    >> St. John's University, New York
    >>
    >> ONE-L list bolsterer
    >>
    >>
    >>
    >>
    >>
    >>
    >
    >
    > --
    > Bruce Clemens PhD PE
    > Management Department
    > School of Business
    > 109 Churchill Hall
    > Western New England College
    > 1215 Wilbraham Road
    > Springfield MA 01119
    > Phone: 413-782-1500
    > Fax: 413-796-2068
    > bclemens@wnec.edu
    > Campus mailbox number: C5433
    >
    > Please consider your environmental responsibilities before printing this
    > e-mail
    >



    --
    Alfred A. Marcus
    Professor and Spencer Chair in Strategy and Technological Leadership
    University of Minnesota
    Carlson School of Management
    Strategic Management and Organization Department
    Minneapolis, MN. 55455 USA
    612 624 2812
    amarcus@umn.edu